Fort Church, Bengaluru
| The Fort Church (St Luke's Church) | |
|---|---|
| The Fort Church, Bangalore | |
 | |
 | |
| 12°57′46″N 77°34′33″E / 12.962875°N 77.575956°E | |
| Location | Bangalore Fort |
| Country | India |
| Denomination | Anglican |
| History | |
| Former name(s) | Drummer's Chapel |
| Founded | 1808 |
| Founder(s) | Lieutenant John Blakiston |
| Architecture | |
| Style | Anglican |
| Completed | 1808 |
| Closed | 1933 |
| Demolished | 1933 |
| Administration | |
| Diocese | Diocese of Mysore |
The Fort Church, Bangalore, was a church located within Bangalore Fort. The church was demolished to make place for the construction of the Vani Vilas Hospital. The Government of Mysore then allotted land in Chamrajpet for construction of a new church, St. Luke's Church, Bangalore.[1][2] Early records refer to the Fort Church as the Drummer's Chapel, constructed by British soldiers after the fall of Tippu Sultan.[3][4] The Fort Church, Bangalore was the first protestant church to be raised in Bangalore.[5]
History
[edit]The Fort Church, Bangalore was among 15 churches built by the Government of Madras before 1833, when there were no special rules with regards to building churches. The Military board of the Madras Army approved the construction.[5] The Church raised in 1807 was for the use of the British troops posted in the Bangalore Fort.[3]
The Fort Church, Bangalore was visited by Bishop Turner, travelling from Madras to Bangalore.[3][6]
The Fort Church was no longer used by 1836, when it was visited by Bishop Corrie, as there was only one chaplain for Bangalore, and he could not travel from the Bangalore Civil and Military Station to the Bangalore Fort. The church building was then used by the Madras Army for other purposes. In 1836, the army moved out of the Fort, and handed it over to the Government of Mysore[3]
In 1857, a small garrison of the Madras Army was stationed again at the Bangalore Fort, and the Fort Church was re-opened.
Architecture
[edit]The church was modest, unlike other churches in Bangalore of the period. It resembled a barrack, with a tiled roof supported by beams. The Church was referred to as the 'Little Church'.[3][7]
When the Fort Church was demolished, some of the items were re-used in building St. Luke's Church, Chamrajpet. This includes the church bell, bearing the inscription 'Madras Mint 1868'.[3]
Fort Cemetery
[edit]
The Fort Cemetery, where the officers who fell in the Siege of Bangalore were buried, is illustrated in Robert Home's Book, Select Views in Mysore, the country of Tippoo Sultan, published by Robert Bowyer, London, 1794.[8] Home's painting shows the graves of Captains James Smith, James Williamson, John Shipper, Nathaniel Daws and Jeremiah Delany, Lieutenant Conan and Lieutenant-Colonel Gratton.[9] As recorded in 1895, The cemetery was located just outside Fort Church, with the church being responsible for its maintenance. The cemetery had cypress trees, rose bushes and flowers. The Government of Mysore, had constructed a wall and gate for the cemetery.[3][10]
However, as recorded in 1912 by Rev. Frank Penny in his book The Church in Madras: Volume II, the cemetery no longer existed. The record of the officers who fell in the battle for the Bangalore Fort in 1791, were transferred to the cenotaph, raised by the Government of Mysore.[5]
The 35 feet tall cenotaph pillar was raised in memory of the lives lost in the Siege of Bangalore, opposite to the present Corporation Building, and Hudson Memorial Church.[11] Kannada activists led by Vatal Nagaraj and others made violent demands to demolish the cenotaph. As a result of these protests, the Bangalore City Corporation demolished the memorial on 28 October 1964, and the name of the road was also changed from Cenotaph Road to Nrupathunga Road. The engraved stones were destroyed, and not even a single stone remains. A small piece of the Cenotaph has been placed as a bench in the Corporation Office.[12][13] Historians, and heritage lovers of Bangalore protested the destruction of history. A blogger, Samyuktha Harshitha, called it as 'official vandalism', comparing it with the destruction of the Bamiyan statues.[13][14]
Fort school
[edit]The Fort Church, managed the Fort School from the end of the 19th century. The church provided furniture, study maps, and managed accounts, all overseen by the Fort Church School Committee.[16][17] The Diocesan Magazine, records a school function being organised for current and former students on 29 December 1909, with Miss. Rozario as head mistress (serving from 1893 to 1909), with prizes distributed by E A Hill, School inspector and Rev. G H Lamb.[18] In 1911, the head mistress was a Miss Page, as recorded by the Diocesan Magazine.[3][19]
There still exists a Fort School at Chamarajpet, with a building dating to 1907.[20] Once called the English Vernacular School, the Fort School is located opposite Bangalore Medical College, near Tipu Sultan's Summer Palace.[21] The School was built in 1907, and had among its students freedom fighter H S Doreswamy, cricketer G R Vishwanath, statesman V S Krishna Iyer,[20] Mysore Maharaja Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar, former Chief Minister of Karnataka Kengal Hanumanthaiah and bureaucrat Narasimha Rao.[21] The building is being studied by INTACH for possible renovation.[20] The Fort School is the oldest high school in the Bangalore pete area. The school at present has 186 students in English Medium and 81 studying in Kannada Medium. Majority of the English Medium students are from Tamil and Telugu families, studying all subjects in English, English language, mother tongue language and Kannada as third language.[22]
Demolition
[edit]
The Government of Mysore built Victoria Hospital in 1901, inside Bangalore Fort. In 1915, the government constructed Minto Eye Hospital on the same campus. In the 1920s the Mysore Government wanted to add a maternity hospital inside Bangalore Fort, and approached the Church of England for land on which the Fort Church was standing. The Government offered an alternative site at Hardinge Road, Chamarajpet and a compensation of INR 7,000, which was accepted by the church. The Fort Church was demolished around 1932, with the new church named as St. Luke's Church built with contributions from the Government of Mysore, Government of India, Diocese of Madras and other donors amounting to INR 36,315.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ "History". St. Luke's Church, Chamarajpet, Bangalore. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
- ^ "St Luke's Church, Bangalore Photo Gallery". Trip2Blr.com. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Dhanraj, Anik Luke; Isaac, Rabindran; Mercy (31 October 2010). Fortified revival. Bangalore: St. Luke's Church. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ "The Church and Christian Institutions in Bangalore". Journal of the Christian Medical Association of India. 37: 578. 1963. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ a b c Penny, Frank (1912). The Church in Madras : being the History of the Ecclesiastical and Missionary Action of the East India Company in the Presidency of Madras From 1805 to 1835: Volume II. London: John Murray. p. 71. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
- ^ Chatterton, Eyre. A History of the Church of England in India, Since the Early Days of the East India Company. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge (SPCK). Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ "Parochial Magazine". Church of England. January 1895: 28.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Burial Ground at Bangalore". British Library: Online Gallery. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ "Burial Ground at Bangalore". British Library: Online Gallery. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ^ "Parochial Magazine". Church of England. March 1895: 22.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Chandramouli, K (5 September 2002). "Edifices that tell tales". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. Archived from the original on 9 March 2003. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
- ^ S, Shyam Prasad (1 November 2014). "Reclaiming the city". Bangalore Mirror. No. Bangalore. Bangalore Mirror Bureau. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
- ^ a b Harshitha, Samyuktha (2 December 2012). "This Cenotaph was officially vandalised". Suttha Muttha. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
- ^ Sripad, Ashwini M (25 October 2014). "The Disappearing Heritage Landscape of Bangalore". The New Indian Express. No. Bangalore. Archived from the original on 25 October 2014. Retrieved 21 January 2015.
- ^ Home, Robert (1794). Select Views in Mysore, the country of Tippoo Sultan. London: Robert Bowyer. p. Plate 8. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ "Parochial Magazine". Church of England. April 1895: 23.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Parochial Magazine". Church of England. August 1895: 21.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Diocesan Magazine". Church of England. January 1909: 24.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "The Madras and Tinnevelly Diocesan Magazine". 6 (4). Church of England. April 1911: 7.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c Govind, Ranjani (9 February 2015). "Bringing back colonial grandeur of Fort High School building". The Hindu. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ a b Ullas, Sruthy Susan (7 August 2012). "A slice of history lives on in these alma maters". The Times of India. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ^ Rao, Sunitha R (8 February 2015). "Skewed policy ensures English is alien to kids". The Times of India. No. Bangalore. Retrieved 17 February 2015.